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This book outlines the core concept of the theory of mixed oligopoly and presents recent results that have arisen in a mixed oligopolistic market. The wave of privatization since the 1980s has taken the development of the theory of mixed oligopoly in several directions. Although the main concern of the theory of mixed oligopoly focuses on the effect of regime change—especially privatization of a public firm—on social welfare, existing studies have not considered the difference in economic environments. With drastic changes in economic environments along with economic development in recent years, the domestic and foreign markets have become more and more integrated, firms have become concerned about corporate social responsibility, and governments or politicians have had various interests and preferences. Against that background, this book revisits the question of how privatization affects social welfare by incorporating regional and international interdependency and investigates how firms’ activities for corporate social responsibility, governments’ preferences, and political economic situations affect the market circumstance in a mixed oligopoly. The dynamic aspect of privatization is also investigated.

Regional economics. --- Spatial economics. --- Corporate governance. --- Globalization. --- Markets. --- Regional/Spatial Science. --- Corporate Governance. --- Emerging Markets/Globalization.

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This book presents a theoretical investigation of the formation of regional free trade agreements (FTAs), the behavior of global enterprises, and government trade policies in various game forms including multi-stage games, repeated games, and timing games. In the last few decades, the number of FTAs has been rapidly increasing in the world, especially in Asia. In particular, East Asian countries are expected to be main engines for sustaining the world economy. Focusing on East Asian economies, strategic behaviors of governments and firms in order to attain their own aims are examined. The analytical methods employed in this book are those currently being developed or that recently have been created. The topics are important contemporary issues in regional areas facing the rapid economic changes brought about by globalization. Most chapters of this book are based on original work that was published in international journals but now has been completely rewritten, with restructuring and extension of the original work. This book, with its up-to-date information, will be of interest to academic researchers in universities and economic research institutions and to students working on advanced degrees in economics.

Regional economics. --- Spatial economics. --- Business. --- Commerce. --- Economic theory. --- Regional/Spatial Science. --- Trade. --- Economic Theory/Quantitative Economics/Mathematical Methods.

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This book deals with the economics of establishing a frontier by conquest or by peaceful settlement, the costs involved, and the optimum extension of the territory. The opening chapters discuss the most relevant literature about frontiers – conceptual, theoretical and empirical – and introduce the fundamental theoretical model for extending frontiers which is drawn on throughout the book. The authors use this theoretical apparatus by applying it to a number of historical cases. These include the division of the European territory between the Byzantine Empire, Islam and Western Europe, the creation and expansion of the Mongol Empire, the impact of the Black Death, the European discovery of the New World, the staples trade from 1870–1914, and the rise and fall of banditry in Brazil. The Economics of the Frontier brings together a collection of essays which explore how economically optimal frontiers were founded from sixth-century Europe through to twentieth-century Brazil.

Economic history. --- Regional economics. --- Spatial economics. --- Economics. --- Economic History. --- Regional/Spatial Science. --- Economics --- Regional planning --- Regionalism --- Space in economics --- Economic conditions --- History, Economic --- Spatial economics --- Regional economics

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This book provides an original analysis of the economic success of Overseas Chinese merchants in Southeast Asia: The ethnically homogeneous group of Chinese middlemen is an informal, low-cost organization for the provision of club goods, e.g. contract enforcement, that are essential to merchants’ success. The author’s theory - and various extensions, with emphasis on kinship and other trust relationships - draws on economics and the other social sciences, and beyond to evolutionary biology. Empirical material from her fieldwork forms the basis for developing her unique, integrative and transdisciplinary theoretical framework, with important policy implications for understanding ethnic conflict in multiethnic societies where minority groups dominate merchant roles. The study of the Chinese merchants is of important and general significance for many reasons, as masterly demonstrated by this collected volume. Only recently did economists begin to appreciate the role of legal institutions in facilitating trade. Janet Landa has gone further to call our attention to the presence of social institutions, such as the ethnically homogeneous Chinese middleman group, mutual aid communities, social norms, trust, identity, and guanxi, to structure exchange relationships, without which trade and specialization would be severely impaired... In conducting her reserch on merchants, Landa also becomes a pioneer in engaging economic reserch with the rich scholarship in other social sciences and with evolutionary biology, and made them an integral part of her theoretical framework. --Ronald Coase Janet Landa is a pioneer in the application of transaction cost models to the study of ethnically-based economic networks. The present volume synthesizes a lifetime of work on Chinese middlemen. It combines the analytic methods of economics with theoretically-driven ethnographic research. It shows how division of labor within ethnic communities, social capital based on trust relationships, a deeply embedded code of ethics, the potential for monitoring and sanctioning dishonesty, and ways to internally generate mutual trust, the foundation of social capital, can explain the success of ethnic middleman entrepreneurs. --Bernard Grofman [Janet Landa's] new book sparkles with interdisciplinary insight into a timeless question: How can we understand the functions, as well as the dysfunctions, of multiethnic societies that exhibit ethnically-based patterns of economic specialization, such as the ethnically Chinese traders in Southeast Asia? Landa draws on her decades of work to provide answers firmly grounded in the New Institutional Economics and its implications for the central role ethnically homogeneous middleman groups play in societies where government does not provide reliable protection of private property and enforcement of contracts. --Beth Yarbrough.

Economics --- Environmental planning --- Economic geography --- ruimtelijke ordening --- economie --- sociale economie --- Regional economics. --- Regional/Spatial Science. --- Regional planning --- Regionalism --- Space in economics --- Spatial economics. --- Spatial economics --- Regional economics

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This book describes the importance of integration and clustering in creating sustainable economic growth. Modern economic conditions demonstrate the need for governmental stimulation of cluster initiatives in entrepreneurship, and make it necessary to study the experience of developed countries in the sphere of stimulation of cluster initiatives in entrepreneurship, and to offer recommendations for improving the system of state stimulation of these initiatives. The authors conclude that at present, innovational economy is an economic system that functions on the basis of business networks, as this model offers innovational cooperation between specialists from various scientific and technical spheres, between organizations of various sizes (large, medium, and small), and between groups of various types of companies. Cluster strategy in modern global practice is one of the most important tools of public policy for increasing the competitiveness of national economies. This means that the most competitive spheres develop on the basis of the cluster principle, and support for cluster building increases a country’s economic competitiveness.

Economic growth. --- Regional economics. --- Spatial economics. --- Economic policy. --- Environmental geography. --- Environmental economics. --- Economic Growth. --- Regional/Spatial Science. --- Economic Policy. --- R & D/Technology Policy. --- Environmental Geography. --- Environmental Economics.